SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_ult_product_prices.price * cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id IN (
    12684, 12714, 13260, 13267, 13176, 13162, 
    13169, 13232, 13225, 13190, 13183, 
    13239, 13204, 13197, 13246, 13218, 
    13211, 13253, 13302, 13303, 13308, 
    13309, 13306, 13307
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00027

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "message": "no matching row in const table"
  }
}