SELECT 
  pfv.variant_id, 
  pfv.position, 
  pfvd.variant 
FROM 
  cscart_product_feature_variants AS pfv 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions AS pfvd ON pfv.variant_id = pfvd.variant_id 
  AND pfvd.lang_code = 'en' 
WHERE 
  pfv.variant_id IN (
    1935, 2403, 2436, 2290, 1712, 2388, 2433, 
    1954, 2434, 2435, 1836
  )

Query time 0.00070

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "11.56"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "pfv",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "variant_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 11,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "index_condition": "(`test2_gaseus`.`pfv`.`variant_id` in (1935,2403,2436,2290,1712,2388,2433,1954,2434,2435,1836))",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "6.61",
            "eval_cost": "1.10",
            "prefix_cost": "7.71",
            "data_read_per_join": "12K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "variant_id",
            "position"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "pfvd",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "variant_id",
            "lang_code"
          ],
          "key_length": "9",
          "ref": [
            "test2_gaseus.pfv.variant_id",
            "const"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "2.75",
            "eval_cost": "1.10",
            "prefix_cost": "11.56",
            "data_read_per_join": "34K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "variant_id",
            "variant",
            "lang_code"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

variant_id position variant
1712 0 Double stage
1836 0 Stainless steel
1935 1 up to 6.0 (ultrapure gases)
1954 2 Monel
2290 0 Chrome-plated
2388 0 1
2403 0 15
2433 0 0.05
2434 0 0.15
2435 0 0.3
2436 0 0.5