SELECT 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_product_prices.price * cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id IN (
    3150, 1345, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1349, 1350, 
    1351, 1352, 1353, 1354, 3698, 3699, 
    3700, 3701, 3702, 3703, 3704, 3705, 
    3706, 3707, 6723, 6717, 6720, 3151, 
    3864, 3145, 6721, 3863, 3148, 6718, 
    6722, 3144, 3147, 3096, 339, 3104, 3107, 
    6682, 6678, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 
    109, 110, 4013, 4014, 4015, 4016, 4017, 
    4018, 4019, 3105, 6677, 6686, 64, 118, 
    224, 225, 285, 3975, 4027, 4108, 4109, 
    4170, 4223, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 
    208, 209, 4087, 4088, 4089, 4090, 4091, 
    4092, 4093, 3122, 6675, 6696, 6703, 
    3118, 3111, 12223, 12224, 3124, 3112, 
    324, 6704, 6709, 4177
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00204

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "67.21"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "table": {
        "table_name": "cscart_product_prices",
        "access_type": "range",
        "possible_keys": [
          "usergroup",
          "product_id",
          "lower_limit",
          "usergroup_id"
        ],
        "key": "product_id",
        "used_key_parts": [
          "product_id"
        ],
        "key_length": "3",
        "rows_examined_per_scan": 96,
        "rows_produced_per_join": 19,
        "filtered": "19.99",
        "index_condition": "(`test2_gaseus`.`cscart_product_prices`.`product_id` in (3150,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,3698,3699,3700,3701,3702,3703,3704,3705,3706,3707,6723,6717,6720,3151,3864,3145,6721,3863,3148,6718,6722,3144,3147,3096,339,3104,3107,6682,6678,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,4013,4014,4015,4016,4017,4018,4019,3105,6677,6686,64,118,224,225,285,3975,4027,4108,4109,4170,4223,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,4087,4088,4089,4090,4091,4092,4093,3122,6675,6696,6703,3118,3111,12223,12224,3124,3112,324,6704,6709,4177))",
        "cost_info": {
          "read_cost": "65.29",
          "eval_cost": "1.92",
          "prefix_cost": "67.21",
          "data_read_per_join": "460"
        },
        "used_columns": [
          "product_id",
          "price",
          "percentage_discount",
          "lower_limit",
          "usergroup_id"
        ],
        "attached_condition": "((`test2_gaseus`.`cscart_product_prices`.`lower_limit` = 1) and (`test2_gaseus`.`cscart_product_prices`.`usergroup_id` in (0,1)))"
      }
    }
  }
}