SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_popularity 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    12863, 12865, 12867, 12861, 12864, 12868, 
    12860, 12859, 12858, 12857, 12856, 
    12855, 12854, 12853, 12852, 12851, 
    12866, 12862
  )

Query time 0.00042

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "3.94"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_popularity",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "total"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 18,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 18,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "2.14",
        "eval_cost": "1.80",
        "prefix_cost": "3.94",
        "data_read_per_join": "576"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`test2_gaseus`.`cscart_product_popularity`.`product_id` in (12863,12865,12867,12861,12864,12868,12860,12859,12858,12857,12856,12855,12854,12853,12852,12851,12866,12862))"
    }
  }
}