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SELECT 
  SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (
    CASE WHEN products.parent_product_id <> 0 THEN products.parent_product_id ELSE products.product_id END
  ) AS product_id, 
  IF(
    shared_descr.product_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_descr.product, descr1.product
  ) as product, 
  companies.company as company_name, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    products.product_id 
    ORDER BY 
      products.parent_product_id ASC, 
      products.product_id ASC
  ) AS product_ids, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    products.product_type 
    ORDER BY 
      products.parent_product_id ASC, 
      products.product_id ASC
  ) AS product_types, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    products.parent_product_id 
    ORDER BY 
      products.parent_product_id ASC, 
      products.product_id ASC
  ) AS parent_product_ids, 
  products.product_type, 
  products.parent_product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_products as products 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_features_values as var_val_18 ON var_val_18.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND var_val_18.lang_code = 'en' 
  AND var_val_18.feature_id = 18 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_descriptions as descr1 ON descr1.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND descr1.lang_code = 'en' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_prices as prices ON prices.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND prices.lower_limit = 1 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_companies AS companies ON companies.company_id = products.company_id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_products_categories as products_categories ON products_categories.product_id = products.product_id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = products_categories.category_id 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_descriptions shared_descr ON shared_descr.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND shared_descr.company_id = 1 
  AND shared_descr.lang_code = 'en' 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND (
    var_val_18.variant_id IN (1202)
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.category_id IN (284) 
  AND companies.status IN ('A') 
  AND (
    products.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(0, products.usergroup_ids) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(1, products.usergroup_ids)
  ) 
  AND products.status IN ('A') 
  AND prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  product_id 
ORDER BY 
  product asc, 
  products.product_id ASC 
LIMIT 
  0, 12

Query time 0.00409

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "90.77"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_filesort": true,
      "grouping_operation": {
        "using_temporary_table": true,
        "using_filesort": true,
        "buffer_result": {
          "using_temporary_table": true,
          "nested_loop": [
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "cscart_categories",
                "access_type": "const",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "c_status",
                  "p_category_id"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "category_id"
                ],
                "key_length": "3",
                "ref": [
                  "const"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
                "filtered": "100.00",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "0.00",
                  "eval_cost": "0.10",
                  "prefix_cost": "0.00",
                  "data_read_per_join": "4K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "category_id",
                  "storefront_id",
                  "usergroup_ids",
                  "status"
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "companies",
                "access_type": "ALL",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 2,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
                "filtered": "50.00",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "0.62",
                  "eval_cost": "0.10",
                  "prefix_cost": "0.72",
                  "data_read_per_join": "5K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "company_id",
                  "status",
                  "company"
                ],
                "attached_condition": "(`test2_gaseus`.`companies`.`status` = 'A')"
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "products_categories",
                "access_type": "ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "pt"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "category_id"
                ],
                "key_length": "3",
                "ref": [
                  "const"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 147,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 147,
                "filtered": "100.00",
                "using_index": true,
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "1.16",
                  "eval_cost": "14.70",
                  "prefix_cost": "16.59",
                  "data_read_per_join": "2K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "product_id",
                  "category_id"
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "products",
                "access_type": "eq_ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "status"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "product_id"
                ],
                "key_length": "3",
                "ref": [
                  "test2_gaseus.products_categories.product_id"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
                "filtered": "9.95",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "36.75",
                  "eval_cost": "1.46",
                  "prefix_cost": "68.04",
                  "data_read_per_join": "95K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "product_id",
                  "product_type",
                  "status",
                  "company_id",
                  "usergroup_ids",
                  "parent_product_id"
                ],
                "attached_condition": "((`test2_gaseus`.`products`.`company_id` = `test2_gaseus`.`companies`.`company_id`) and ((`test2_gaseus`.`products`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`test2_gaseus`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`test2_gaseus`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`test2_gaseus`.`products`.`status` = 'A'))"
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "prices",
                "access_type": "ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "usergroup",
                  "product_id",
                  "lower_limit",
                  "usergroup_id"
                ],
                "key": "product_id",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "product_id"
                ],
                "key_length": "3",
                "ref": [
                  "test2_gaseus.products_categories.product_id"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
                "filtered": "99.91",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "3.66",
                  "eval_cost": "1.46",
                  "prefix_cost": "73.16",
                  "data_read_per_join": "350"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "product_id",
                  "lower_limit",
                  "usergroup_id"
                ],
                "attached_condition": "((`test2_gaseus`.`prices`.`lower_limit` = 1) and (`test2_gaseus`.`prices`.`usergroup_id` in (0,0,1)))"
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "var_val_18",
                "access_type": "eq_ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "fl",
                  "variant_id",
                  "lang_code",
                  "product_id",
                  "fpl",
                  "idx_product_feature_variant_id"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "feature_id",
                  "product_id",
                  "variant_id",
                  "lang_code"
                ],
                "key_length": "15",
                "ref": [
                  "const",
                  "test2_gaseus.products_categories.product_id",
                  "const",
                  "const"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
                "filtered": "100.00",
                "using_index": true,
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "3.65",
                  "eval_cost": "1.46",
                  "prefix_cost": "78.28",
                  "data_read_per_join": "11K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "feature_id",
                  "product_id",
                  "variant_id",
                  "lang_code"
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "shared_descr",
                "access_type": "eq_ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "product_id",
                  "company_id"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "product_id",
                  "lang_code",
                  "company_id"
                ],
                "key_length": "13",
                "ref": [
                  "test2_gaseus.products_categories.product_id",
                  "const",
                  "const"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
                "filtered": "100.00",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "3.65",
                  "eval_cost": "1.46",
                  "prefix_cost": "83.39",
                  "data_read_per_join": "55K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "product_id",
                  "lang_code",
                  "company_id",
                  "product"
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "descr1",
                "access_type": "eq_ref",
                "possible_keys": [
                  "PRIMARY",
                  "product_id"
                ],
                "key": "PRIMARY",
                "used_key_parts": [
                  "product_id",
                  "lang_code"
                ],
                "key_length": "9",
                "ref": [
                  "test2_gaseus.products_categories.product_id",
                  "const"
                ],
                "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
                "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
                "filtered": "100.00",
                "cost_info": {
                  "read_cost": "5.92",
                  "eval_cost": "1.46",
                  "prefix_cost": "90.78",
                  "data_read_per_join": "66K"
                },
                "used_columns": [
                  "product_id",
                  "lang_code",
                  "product"
                ]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id	product	company_name	product_ids	product_types	parent_product_ids	product_type	parent_product_id
13127	Manual base station Vulkan LabLine Modula Vareo BS 50/300 Effect	Gaseus	13127,13128,13129,13130,13131,13132,13133	P,V,V,V,V,V,V	0,13127,13127,13127,13127,13127,13127	V	13127
13148	Single-cylinder manifold station Vulkan LabLine SE 10/2 300	Gaseus	13148,13149	P,V	0,13148	V	13148
13153	Single-cylinder manifold station Vulkan LabLine SE 10/2 300	Gaseus	13153,13150,13151,13152,13154,13155,13156,13157,13158,13159,13160,13161	P,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V	0,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153,13153	V	13153
12928	Single-cylinder manifold station Vulkan LabLine SE 10/300	Gaseus	12928,12929,13134,13135,13136,13137,13138,13139,13140,13141,13142,13143,13144,13145,13146,13147	P,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V,V	0,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928,12928	V	12928